El zapateo en las tradiciones afrocriollas de la costa peruana: una mirada a lo musical
Fecha
2019-12-30
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Universidad Nacional de Música
Resumen
El presente artículo es un estudio musical del zapateo como forma de producción sonora en dos tradiciones musicalmente diferenciadas de la costa de Perú: el zapateo del hatajo de negritos y el zapateo criollo. Para ello, hemos enmarcado los ámbitos sociales de su práctica desde la tradición local hasta los espacios urbano-artísticos de Lima y reconocido los rasgos performativos de cada caso en tanto elementos diferenciadores. Centralmente, planteamos el estudio de los elementos sonoro-musicales de ambas tradiciones analizando los toques instrumentales de la guitarra y el uso del tabladillo en el zapateo criollo, y el toque del violín, la voz y la campanilla en el hatajo de negritos. Paralelo a ello, profundizamos en la expresión propiamente musical del zapateo a través de transcripciones enfocadas en la acción performativo-musical del zapateador, lo cual, desde una perspectiva musicológica, permite develar las relaciones musicales que existen entre los patrones rítmicos del marco instrumental y la variedad de timbres que se produce en el zapateo al ejecutar diferentes rudimentos. Finalmente, tras exponer los elementos diferenciadores de cada tradición, reconocemos los aspectos comunes y expandidos que permiten hablar de una práctica afrocriolla expandida en la costa de Perú.
The present article is a musical study of the zapateo as a form of sonic production in two differentiated musical traditions from the Peruvian coast: the zapateo hatajo de negritos and the zapateo criollo. To this end, we have framed the social field of practice between the local tradition and the urban artistic spaces of Lima, recognizing the performative traits as well as differentiating elements of each case. Centrally, we propose the study of sonic-musical elements from both traditions, analyzing the instrumental guitar line and the use of a tabladillo platform in the zapateo criollo, and the violin line, voice, and bell in the hatajo de negritos. Parallel to this, we delve deeper into the distinctive musical expression of the zapateo through transcriptions focused on the performative-musical actions of the zapateador, which, from a musicological perspective, discloses the musical relations produced between the rhythmic patterns of the musical ensemble and the variety of timbres produced by executing different elements in the zapateo. Finally, through explanation of the differentiating elements of each tradition, we recognize the common aspects and expand to a discussion of an Afrocriolla practice as spread across the Peruvian coast.
The present article is a musical study of the zapateo as a form of sonic production in two differentiated musical traditions from the Peruvian coast: the zapateo hatajo de negritos and the zapateo criollo. To this end, we have framed the social field of practice between the local tradition and the urban artistic spaces of Lima, recognizing the performative traits as well as differentiating elements of each case. Centrally, we propose the study of sonic-musical elements from both traditions, analyzing the instrumental guitar line and the use of a tabladillo platform in the zapateo criollo, and the violin line, voice, and bell in the hatajo de negritos. Parallel to this, we delve deeper into the distinctive musical expression of the zapateo through transcriptions focused on the performative-musical actions of the zapateador, which, from a musicological perspective, discloses the musical relations produced between the rhythmic patterns of the musical ensemble and the variety of timbres produced by executing different elements in the zapateo. Finally, through explanation of the differentiating elements of each tradition, we recognize the common aspects and expand to a discussion of an Afrocriolla practice as spread across the Peruvian coast.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Zapateo musical, Hatajo de negritos, Música afrocriolla, Perú, Transcripción musical
Citación
López Alcas, R. (2019). El zapateo en las tradiciones afrocriollas de la costa peruana: una mirada a lo musical. Antec: Revista Peruana De Investigación Musical, 3(2), 52–73. https://doi.org/10.62230/antec.v3i2.76
